Trump's budget bill allocates billions for ice-capable vessels as Washington plays catch-up with Moscow in the region

The US plans to invest billions in expanding its icebreaker fleet for which funding was included in President Donald Trump's budget bill approved by Congress on Thursday. 

Trump previously admitted that the US lags behind Russia, which has the world's largest and most advanced fleet of ice-capable vessels.

Washington has of late sought to increase its influence in the Arctic. Vice President J.D. Vance stated in March that the government needs to "ensure that America is leading" in the region due to the presence of Russia and China.

Trump's so-called 'One Big Beautiful Bill' includes funding through 2029 for ice-capable vessels. The US Coast Guard will receive nearly $25 billion to buy 16 new icebreakers and ten light and medium icebreaking cutters, among other equipment, according to Senator Dan Sullivan from Alaska.

Sullivan described the allocation as the largest investment in Coast Guard history and a "game-changer." 

The US currently operates only two functional polar-class icebreakers, whereas Russia maintains a fleet of over 50, including several nuclear-powered ships. In 2022, NATO countries had 47 icebreakers in total.

Eight countries have territory that extends into the Arctic: Russia, the US, Canada, Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden - all but Russia are NATO members.

Trump has also revived his interest in Greenland, the vast resource-rich Arctic territory governed by Denmark. He has refused to rule out acquiring the island by force.

As warming temperatures make the Arctic more accessible, the region's potential for resource exploitation and emerging shipping lanes has drawn heightened attention from global powers.

The largest portion of the Arctic region lies within Russian territory. In March, President Vladimir Putin called the Arctic a zone of "enormous potential" for trade and development but warned that geopolitical rivalry was intensifying.